During the Covid-19 Pandemic, the term “Online Dispute Resolution” has become a buzzword to indicate dispute resolution procedures that variously employ Information and Communication Technology. Against this backdrop, doubts arise regarding the function and degree of involvement of technology necessary to label certain dispute resolution processes as ODR. Scholars and regulators across the world have provided several definitions of ODR so as to include a wide range of dispute resolution procedures. While examining different doctrinal orientations and approaches of international ODR institutions, this contribution will propose a definition of ODR, outline a theoretical framework for the systemic study of ODR processes, and identify areas of interest for future research.