Kultūros paveldo atstatymo fenomenas ir jo raiška Europoje bei Lietuvoje XX a. antrojoje pusėje–XXI a. pradžioje

Santrauka

Reconstruction as a specific action of “preserving” heritage – more accurately, as an action of restoring its original state – is highly limited in contemporary heritage protection; it is only justified in exceptional cases. Restoration of historical monuments and sites has become especially important in the 20th century, after the two world wars had destructed a number of historical sites and separate objects.
The objective of this research is the phenomenon of cultural heritage restoration. The phenomenality of this process is revealed by the most prominent restoration examples of the second half of 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century that are, however, little known in Lithuania. Special attention should be paid to the restoration of objects and sites that were destructed during the Second World War.
It has often been the case (and still is) that practical restoration activities of cultural heritage objects and sites would be in conflict with the perception of restoration, traceable in heritage law and works by theoreticians. Consequently, the following question emerges – why are certain heritage objects and sites restored and how is it done? Why does their importance increase in some periods? Why and how did the attitude towards restoration of heritage objects change in heritage law and theory? One of the main uncertainties surrounding the analysis of these questions is the definition of concepts. The juridical term of restoration does not always equal the meaning of concepts used to describe the same phenomenon that are found in theory as well as practical matters (namely in Lithuania). The answer to these questions would help to understand the phenomenon of heritage objects’ restoration – why and how does it happen?